Environmental Biotechnology
Online EB edition > 2014 Volume 2 > Article


research

Ultrastructural changes in blood cells in the hematopoietic organs of Lake Baikal fish exposed to phenol
Vera Yakhnenko, Igor Klimenkov, Aleksander Belyshenko

Pages: 73-79

DOI: 10.14799/ebms223

open PDF file


Abstract

Baikal Lake fish: stone sculpin (Paracottus knerii), yellowfin (Cottocomephorus grewigkii) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) were exposed for 14 days to phenol (6mg·L-1). The reaction of blood cells in all studied species had a similar character, whilst, also revealing distinctions. Fast activation of immune processes was found in the pelagic yellowfin. These changes were slower at the coastal stone sculpin. Quantitative changes of blood cells were minor in the coastal nonendemic perch. After four days of exposure, the cells of fish showed signs of destructive processes: strong vacuolization of cytoplasm and partial destruction of the cell membrane. In the cell nucleus the chromatin was condensed, the perinuclear space had expanded and the nuclear membrane had been partly destroyed. In another experiment, stone sculpin and perch were first exposed to phenol for 30 days and then they were kept for another 30 days in water without phenol. In the kidneys and spleen of stone sculpin the processes of lymphopoiesis were observed, whereas in perch the processes of lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis occurred.


References

Anonymous. 2009. Advances in fish reproduction and their application to broodstock management: a practical manual for sea bass. Options Méditerranéennes, B. Protocol K. Erythrocyte measurements 63: 71-74.

Abdel-Hameid, N.A.H. 2007. Physiological and histopathological alterations induced by phenol exposure in Oreochromis aureus juveniles. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 7: 131-138.

Amit, A., O.P. Verma, M. Abhishek, S. Abhishek, P.K. Varshney. 2013. Evaluation of changes in metabolic parameters and enzymes involved in metabolic pathways in Clarias batrachus after exposure to phenolic compounds. Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 3: 60-67.

Antonyak, G.L. 1999. A role of proteolytic enzymes in functional activity in neutrophil granulocytes. Uspekhi Sovremennoi Biologii 119: 476-486 (in Russian).

Bagirova, A., T.N. Shekhovtsova, R.B.van Huystee. 2001. Enzymatic determination of phenols using peanut peroxidase. Talanta 55: 1151–1164.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(01)00544-6

Blaxhall, P.C., K.W. Daisley. 1973. Routine haematological methods for use with fish blood. Journal of Fish Biology 5: 771-781.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1973.tb04510.x

Bras, M., B. Queenan, S.A. Susin. 2005. Programmed cell death via mitochondria: different modes of dying. Biochemistry 70: 231—239.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10541-005-0105-4

Doggertt, T.A., J.E. Harris. 1989. Ultrastructure of the peripheral blood leucocytes of Oreochromis mossambicus. Journal of Fish Biology 33: 747-756.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03354.x

Dzyubinskaya, E.V., D.B. Kiselevskaya, N.V. Lobysheva, A.A. Shestak, V.D. Samuilov. 2006. The death of cells in the epidermis of leaves in violation of power supply. Biochemistry 71: 1383–1391 (in Russian).

Ellis, A.E. 1976. Leucocytes and related cells in the plaice Pleuronectes platessa. Journal of Fish Biology 8: 143-156.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1976.tb03928.x

Ellis, A.E. 1977. The leucocytes of fish: a review. Journal of Fish Biology 11: 453-491.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04140.x

Ferguson, H.W. 1976. The ultrastructure of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) leucocytes. Journal of Fish Biology 8: 139-412.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1976.tb03927.x

Ferguson, H.W. (ed). 1989. The cardiovascular system. In: Systemic Pathology of Fish (ed. H.W. Ferguson), pp. 104-124. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.

Galaktionov, V.G. 2005. Evolutionary Immunology (ed. G.I. Abelev, A.A.Yarilin). 408 p. Izdatestvo IKC "Akademkniga", Moskva (in Russian).

Hartenstein, V. 2006. Blood cells and blood cell development in the animal kingdom. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 22: 677–712.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.22.010605.093317

Hegardt C., G. Andersson, S.M. Oredsson. 2003. Spermine prevents cytochrome c release in glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes. Cell Biology International 27: 115—121.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1065-6995(02)00291-3

Imagawa, T., Y. Haehimoto, H. Kitagawa, Y. Kon, N. Kudo, N. Sugimura. 1989. Morphology of blood cells in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science 51: 1163 1172.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms1939.51.1163

Ivanova, N.T. 1983. Atlas of blood cells of fishes (ed. P.A. Korzhuev, I.N. Ostroumova). 184 p. Izdatelstvo: "Legkaya i Pishchevaya Promyshlennost", Moskva (in Russian).

Kondratiyeva, I.A., A.A. Kitashova, M.A. Lange. 2001. The organisation of the immune systems of fishes. Vestnik Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Biology 16: 11-20 (in Russian).

Koster, D. 2011. Towards mitochondria-targeted organometallic peptide bioconjugates: synthesis, biological activity and mode of action. Ph.D. Dissertation. Bochum. 215 p.

Kravchuk, O.E. (ed). 2014. On the State of the Environment of the Irkutsk Region in 2013. State Report. 389 p. Izdatelstvo of Institute of Geography SB RAS, Irkutsk (in Russian).

Krylova, M.I. 2010. Mast cells of lymph hearts during ontogenesis of Rana temporaria. Cytologiya 52: 749-759 (in Russian).

Lejkina, M.I., L.L. Litinskaya, I.A. Polyakova, D.B. Zorov. 1990. Change breath and intracellular pH culture cells under the action of oligomycin. Doklady Akademii Nauk. 312: 1253-1255 (in Russian).

Mikryakov, V.P. (ed). 2001. Reaction of fish immune system to acidification and contamination of water by toxicants. 126 p. Izdatelstvo "Nauka", Moskva (in Russian).

Nazarova, E.A., E.A. Zabotkina. 2009. Specific and nonspecific reactions of mesonephros cells of whiskered loach (Barbatula barbatula (L.)) at influence of cadmium ions sublethal concentration. XIII European Congress of Ichthyology, Klaipeda, Lithuania, pp. 36–37 (in Russian).

O'Brien, I.E., B.G. Murray, B.C. Baguley, B.F. Morris, I.B. Ferguson. 1998. Major changes in chromatin condensation suggest the presence of an apoptotic pathway in plant cells. Experimental Cell Research 241: 46 54.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/excr.1998.4036

Oksama, M., R. Kristofferson. 1979. The toxicity of phenol to Phoxinus phoxinus, Gammarus duebeni, and Mesidotea entomon in brackish water. Annales Zoologici Fennici 16: 209-216.

Pokhilko, A.V., F.I. Ataullakhanov, E.L. Holmuhamedov. 2006. Mathematical model of mitochondrial ionic homeostasis: three modes of Ca2+ transport. Journal of Theoretical Biology 243: 152-169.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.05.025

Prihirunkit, K., C. Salakij, S. Apibal, N. Narkkong. 2007. Hematological, cytochemical and ultrastructural features of blood cells in fishing cat (Felis viverrina). Journal of Veterinary Science 8: 163-168.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2007.8.2.163

Rahmatullina, D.F., L.Kh. Gordon, A.A. Ponomareva, T.I. Ogorodnikov. 2009. The effect of apoptosis inductor dexamethasone on the energy exchange and ultrastructure of plant cells. Cytologiya 51: 539–545 (in Russian).

Roussel, D., J.F. Dumas, A. Augeraund, O. Douay, F. Foussard, Y. Malthiery, G. Simard, P. Ritz. 2003. Dexamethasone treatment specifically increases the basal proton conductance of rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Letters 541: 75 79.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00307-7

Saha, N., F. Bhunia, A. Kaviraj. 1999. Toxicity of phenol to fish and aquatic ecosystems. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 63: 195-202.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900966

Samsuev, P., M. Kapitonova. 2010. Shared and private histology. Moskva, ONIKS, Mir i Obrasovanie. 336p. (in Russian).

Saprunova, V.B., S.A. Kazimirchuk, A.A. Tonshin, L.E. Bakeeva, L.S. Yaguzhinskij. 2002. Induction of apoptosis in the myocardium anoxia. Biochemistry 67: 293–302 (in Russian).

Savitskaya, M.A., O.P. Cicurina-Evgenyeva. G.E. Onishchenko. 2009. Study of the mechanism action of b-tocopherilacetate on cell culture epidermoid human carcinoma. 13th International School Conference of Young Scientists, Pushchino, 118-119 (in Russian).

Sokolov, V.Z., G.D. Kharlampovich. 1980. The production and use of aromatic hydrocarbons. 332 p. Izdatelstvo Chimiya" M. (in Russian).

Srivastava, A.K. 1968. Studies on the haematology of certain freshwater teleosts. IV Leucocytes. Anatomisher Anzeiger 123: 520–533.

Srivastava, A K. 1969. Studies on the haematology of certain freshwater teleosts. V. Thrombocytes and clotting of blood. Anatomisher Anzeiger 124: 520–533.

Taliev, D.N. 1955. The Sculpins of Lake Baikal (Cottoidei) (ed. D.V. Nalivkin, A.A. Strelkov). 603 p. Izdatelstvo Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Moskva-Leningrad. (in Russian).

Timofeyev, M.A., D.S. Shatilina, D.S. Bedulina, M.V. Protopopova, V.V. Pavlichenko, O.I. Grabelnych, A.V. Kolesnichenko. 2008. Evaluation of biochemical responses in Palearctic and Lake Baikal endemic amphipod species exposed to CdCl2. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 70: 99-105 (in Russian).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.06.014

Timofeyev, M.A. 2009. The activation of antioxidant system in the Baikal littoral species Eulimnogammarus verrucosus. Izvestiya Samarskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN 11: 177-180 (in Russian).

Trofimova, M.S. 2003. Ion homeostasis in plant cells and the mechanisms of its regulation. Ph.D. Thesis. 51 p. (in Russian).

Uikly, V. 1975. Electron microscopy for beginners. Izdatelstvo "Mir", Moskva. 324 p (in Russian).

Urbakh, V.Yu. 1963. Mathematic Statistics for Biologists and Medics. Izdatelstvo AN USSR, Moskva. 324 p. (in Russian).

Uribe, C., H. Folch, R. Enriquez, G. Moran. 2011. Innate and adaptive immunity in teleost fish: a review. Review Article Veterinarni Medicina 56: 486–503.

Valedskaya, O.M. 2005. The fish immunity condition of Volga River delta and features of its functioning at transformation of integuments (ed. R.I. Asfandiyarov, A.V. Boiko, A.I. Kulinarenko). 112 p. Izdatelstvo KaspNIIRKH, Astrakhan (in Russian).

Vasil'ev, L.A., A.A. Vorobyov, E.V. Dzyubinskaya, A.V. Nesov, A.A. Shestak, V.D. Samuilov. 2007. CN–9 induced death of cells in plant leaves. Biochemistry 72: 707–713 (in Russian).

Wlasow, T. 1985. The leucocyte system in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Rich affected by prolonged subacute phenol intoxication. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 15: 83-94.

Wlasow, T., K. Demska-Zakes, P. Gomulka, S. Jarmolowicz. 2010. Various aspects of piscine toxicology. Interdisciplinary Toxicology 3: 100–104.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10102-010-0020-4

Yakhnenko, V., I. Klimenkov, N. Pastukhova. 2010. Response of olfactory receptors and blood cells of Lake Baikal fish to phenol exposure. Environmental Biotechnology 6: 30 37.

Yakhnenko, V., I. Klimenkov, A. Mamontov, E. Dzuba, O. Chetverikova. 2013. Changes of blood cells structure in Lake Baikal omul under phenol exposure. Advances in Limnology 64: 25–37.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1612-166X/2013/0064-0027

Zamyatina, V.A., L.E. Bakeeva, N.I. Aleksandrushkina, B.F. Vanyushin. 2002. Ultrastructural features of apoptosis cell. Physiology of Plant. 49: 828–838 (in Russian).

Zhang, Q., W. Jingyi, C. Suhua, Y. Feng. 2014. Influences of organic pollutants in water on antioxidant enzyme in zebra fish. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 6: 1014-1021.

Zapata, A., T.G. Cejalvo, C. Guttierres-de Frias, A. Cortes. 2006. Ontogeny of the immune system of fish. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 20: 126-136.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2004.09.005

Zhivotovsky, L.A. 1991. Population Biometry (ed. Glotov, N.V.). Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskva. 271 p. (in Russian).

Zubin, A.A., I.V. Zubina, K.E. Fedorov. 1994. Intraspecific differentiation of the yellowfin Baikal sculpin, Cottocomephorus grewingki (Scorpaeniformes, Cottidae). 1. Variability of biological indicators of spawners and of reproductive biology. Journal of Ichthyology 34: 1 11.


  © ChemProf 2009